A Systematic Review of Generative Artificial Intelligence in Language Education

Abstract

This research paper presents a comprehensive exploration of the application of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) within the realm of language education. Through a systematic review of 20 empirical studies conducted within a structured three-step framework, this study elucidates the multifaceted integration of GAI in language learning. The examination encompasses various dimensions, including target languages, learners' educational levels, GAI applications, language skills, and practical outcomes. Additionally, the study critically assesses the key advantages and challenges inherent in GAI's role in language education. The paper provides valuable insights into human-technology interaction by delving into language learners' attitudes toward GAI. Notably, this research identifies three pivotal roles GAI assumes within the language learning process, and they are co-author, evaluator, and learning materials provider. The study concludes by charting a path toward future research endeavors within the evolving landscape of GAI-based language learning by implicating the future research direction of integrating the GAI into language education, including collaborations between humans and GAI, clarifying the definition of GAI-powered plagiarism, GAI-based language activities design, prompting strategies, and digital literacy.