Core Gamification of Learning Activities through a Method based on Information Structure Manipulation

Abstract

Gamification, the use of game elements in non-game contexts, is a popular method to design motivating, enjoyable learning experiences. It is often applied through external rewards like leaderboards and achievements. Research shows that these rewards can negatively affect intrinsic motivation. One way to avoid this issue is by applying the game elements to the internal design of the learning activity. This approach is called Core Gamification. However, there are no concrete methods to apply Core Gamification to learning activities. This paper presents a method for the Core Gamification of learning activities based on information structure manipulation. In this case, information structure manipulation is not done by the code. And they are also not just about the design of the activity. The structures are visible to the user. The manipulation is also done by the user. Case studies with verified learning effects is also shortly presented.